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• پیوند نظر جمعه, 28 دی 1403 14:58 ارسال شده توسط paham777

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• پیوند نظر جمعه, 28 دی 1403 14:51 ارسال شده توسط mitolyn

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• پیوند نظر جمعه, 28 دی 1403 14:50 ارسال شده توسط nagaway

  Dutch retailers paying "starvation wages" to Indian textile workers - report
  By REUTERS
  
  Published: 16:35 GMT, 27 September 2016 | Updated: 16:35 GMT,
  27 September 2016
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  e-mail
  
  
  
  By Anuradha Nagaraj
  
  CHENNAI, India, Sept 27 (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - Dutch fashion retailers are
  paying "starvation wages" at factories in a major hub for the global garment industry in southern India, forcing many workers into crippling debt, a report on Tuesday
  showed.
  
  Workers surveyed at 10 garment factories in and around Bengaluru in the southern Indian state of Karnataka took home on average 90
  euros ($100) a month, and 70 percent were in debt, the report by four non-profit organisations said.
  
  
  
  The factories were supplying Dutch brands that
  have "acknowledged the importance of living wages".
  
  
  They included Coolcat, G-Star, The Sting, MEXX Europe,
  McGregor Fashions, Scotch & Soda, Suitsupply, WE Fashion and C&A.
  The C&A Foundation partners with the Thomson Reuters
  Foundation on trafficking and slavery coverage.
  
  "Workers cannot properly support their families with this wage," said the
  report, "Doing Dutch", co-authored by Clean Clothes Campaign,
  the India Committee of the Netherlands, Asia Floor Wage Alliance and Cividep India.
  
  
  "Food and housing, usually a one-room apartment without a water tap and with a shared toilet outdoors, are the biggest expenses. Almost everyone would like to buy healthier and more varied food, but is unable to do that because of low wages."
  
  Responding to the report, companies have said they were putting procedures
  in place to overcome the challenges with regard to wages, overtime payment, working hours, creche and hostel facilities for
  workers.
  
  The $40 billion Indian textile and garment industry, much of which operates in the
  informal sector and is poorly regulated, employs an estimated
  45 million workers.
  
  The report said there are around 300,000 workers in and around Bengaluru, the
  capital of Karnataka, and that 80 percent of the workers in the city's 1,200-odd factories are women.
  
  A woman worker interviewed in 2015 said she walked an hour
  to work and an hour back to save on bus fare.
  
  "These women are working very hard for a pittance," said Tara Scally,
  spokeswoman of the Clean Clothes Campaign.
  
  The International Labour Organisation defines
  a living wage as a "basic human right". Last year, the Asia Floor Wage campaign pegged a decent living wage in India at 18,727 rupees ($282) per month.
  
  
  "We expect garment companies to make a concrete plan for a living wage for all workers and to make sure that their procurement price enables the suppliers to pay a living wage,"
  Gerard Oonk, director of the India Committee of the Netherlands, said in a statement.
  ($1 = 0.8925 euros) ($1 = 66.4996 Indian rupees) (Reporting by Anuradha Nagaraj, Editing by Timothy Large and Katie Nguyen.; Please credit
  the Thomson Reuters Foundation, the charitable arm of Thomson Reuters,
  that covers humanitarian news, women's rights,
  trafficking and climate change. Visit website retailers paying
  "starvation wages" to Indian textile workers...
• پیوند نظر جمعه, 28 دی 1403 14:49 ارسال شده توسط Carlton

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• پیوند نظر جمعه, 28 دی 1403 14:44 ارسال شده توسط heng36

  By Chen Aizhu
  
  SINGAPORE, July 29 (Reuters) - What to do with China's abundant stock of coal?
  Chemical giant Hengli plans to make clothes out of it.
  
  
  It may sound like something from ancient alchemy, but the privately-owned
  Chinese company surprised industry watchers in June when it said
  it was getting into mining with a $20 billion project to convert coal into polyester yarn, used in clothes,
  packaging and plastic bottles.
  
  The announcement was intriguing. Coal is not a typical raw material for polyester and
  Hengli's plan will be the world's first of its
  kind in the China-dominated coal to chemical sector,
  where investment so far has totalled $85 billion according to the China
  Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation.
  
  It also comes after Hengli borrowed heavily to set itself
  up as an oil refiner, using crude to make polyester.
  
  The shift into coal, a major source of smog and climate-warming
  greenhouse gases, is at odds with a global push
  to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and will exact a heavy environmental price, according to industry analysts.
  
  
  But the project, which Hengli aims to have running by the end of 2025 in Shaanxi province,
  fits into Beijing´s enduring commitment to coal and will add Hengli to a roster of Chinese companies, including coal miner Shenhua Group and oil refiner Sinopec,
  which have moved into the coal to chemicals business.
  
  "By picking Hengli, the country's largest polyester producer with extensive reaches to the consumer textile market, it will help Shaanxi province efficiently develop its rich coal resource and grow the local economy," said Zhu Fang, senior
  researcher at the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, which represents
  over 400 oil and chemical firms.
  
  Hengli, as a Chinese company and one of the world´s largest polyester yarn producers, also stands a better chance of
  getting regulatory approvals for its plan, according to analysts.
  
  
  Officials from Yulin city, in Shaanxi province where Hengli plans to base its coal-to-polyester operations,
  approached the company first with the idea of setting up a plant there, according to company spokesman Li Feng, and it
  took about 10 months for Hengli and the city to reach a deal.
  
  
  An official inter-provincial alliance between economically lagging Shaanxi and
  coastal Jiangsu, China's second wealthiest province, where Hengli is headquartered, may also help it gain regulatory support, as the project will generate jobs and boost local
  revenue, according to a Beijing-based executive from a rival company.
  
  
  
  Li, Hengli´s spokesman, declined to comment on the likelihood of regulatory
  approvals and said the project was about diversification from
  oil, full integration and economies of scale not politics.
  
  
  "With technological advances in the large-scale coal-to chemical plants, the cost of building and operating such a facility will become more and more competitive," he said.
  
  
  Global rivals Dow Chemicals, Saudi Basic Industries (SABIC) and Total
  faced lengthy regulatory processes when they planned similar ventures in China.
  Dow and Total ultimately abandoned their plans amid a range of challenges from financial and environmental cost
  to the competition from cheaper shale gas-based projects in the United States.
  
  
  
  SABIC, one of the world's largest petrochemicals groups,
  said the company has yet to make any further announcement after signing a preliminary
  deal with Shenhua Ningxia Coal Industry Group in 2016 to
  build a coal-to-olefin complex.
  
  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
  
  Established in 1994 as a small weaving factory,
  Hengli has transformed into one of the world´s largest
  polyester yarn producers, feeding off China's demand as the world's largest consumer
  of textile.
  
  Hengli had annual revenues of $80 billion last year, according to the company.
  It founders, group chairman Chen Jianhua and his wife Fan Hongwei, who heads
  its listed unit Hengli Petrochemical, were ranked 16th in Forbes magazine´s annual China rich list.
  
  
  
  The company took on 70% debt to fund its 56.4 billion yuan refinery
  complex leaving it with an eye-watering debt to asset ratio of 78% compared to Sinopec's 50%, according to
  company figures.
  
  Hengli will finance 30% of the Yulin investment from its own funds and the
  rest from Chinese banks, said Li.
  
  Hengli´s plans involve converting 20 million tonnes
  of coal into 9 million tonnes of fine chemicals and polyester a year and the company told Reuters it has tapped China Tianchen Engineering Corp and Sinopec's Luoyang Engineering to conduct pre-feasibility studies.
  
  
  Tianchen did not respond to a request for
  comment. A Luoyang Engineering representative said the company was at an early stage of
  cooperation with Hengli and declined further comment.
  
  
  While turning coal into industrial chemicals has been widely applied in China, producing aromatics
  - feedstocks for polyester -- is a relatively novel process which is not commercialized
  yet.
  
  "(Hengli) is likely to be the first time on such a scale," said
  Salmon Lee, principal analyst with Wood Mackenzie.
  
  
  Coal-based chemical plants typically emit three times more carbon dioxide
  and waste water for each unit of production, compared to oil-based chemical plants, and require oil at $45-$50
  a barrel to break even, said industry experts.
  
  The scale of the Yulin project also means it could consume 60 million tonnes of fresh water
  every year, said a second Beijing based industry executive.
  That will be roughly enough to supply the whole of Singapore of six million people for five weeks, according to Reuters calculations based on Singapore's official
  water usage data.
  
  Hengli's Li said the plant's emissions and water use will depend on the final design of the plant.
  
  
  "So far, we do not foresee any hurdles in winning the emission quotas and water resource(from local government)," he said,
  adding the company will invest in waste water treatment to maximise the amount of water they can recycle.
  
  
  Yulin officials did not respond to request for comment about
  the environmental impact.
  
  (Reporting by Chen Aizhu. Editing by Carmel Crimmins)
• پیوند نظر جمعه, 28 دی 1403 14:41 ارسال شده توسط Https://zenwriting.net/larchplain47/what-not-to-do-in-the-accident-lawyers-in-new-york-industry

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• پیوند نظر جمعه, 28 دی 1403 14:39 ارسال شده توسط ganmat

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• پیوند نظر جمعه, 28 دی 1403 14:31 ارسال شده توسط Game Master Hub

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